Coronaviruses are a gaggle of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans, these viruses cause tract infections which will range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses include some cases of the cold (which is additionally caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses), while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Symptoms in other species vary: in chickens, they cause an upper tract disease, while in cows and pigs they cause diarrhea. There are so far no vaccines or antiviral drugs to stop or treat human coronavirus infections.
Coronaviruses constitute the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae, within the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales, and realm Riboviria.They are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry.The genome size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases, one among the most important among RNA viruses.They have characteristic club-shaped spikes that project from their surface, which in electron micrographs create a picture like the solar corona, from which their name derives.


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